Constructing detailed DNA reference databases

Once a forensic DNA profile has been obtained from crime scene samples, and these profiles can be compared with similar profiles from suspects and/or victims, it is the start of a complex process of evaluating the relevance of full profile similarities (or matches) or partial similarities. In general, this is
a process of statistical reasoning and mathematics. Throughout this process, it is crucial that large anonymous DNA reference databases are available containing exactly the same genetic data as that identified in the crime scene samples. Depending on the type of forensic DNA profile, this sort of reference database should be specific for a distinct human population, or contain data from many different human populations. As such, in order for the FGCN to provide the relevant statistical support for all new genetic markers, we also have to screen a large number of relevant and randomly-collected samples in order to build a reference databases. While this last phase is not particularly challenging from a scientific perspective, it is of crucial importance. Without reference data, evidential value is impossible to evaluate and will certainly lead to dismissal once used in court.